Fuel feeding device



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 51, 1935 a w W ma W% @N a; i w N Z 3 3 a. x Q Q I! R jam R M Q Q l k 1 m\ w Q w t 3 \m x N ATTORNEY July 20, 1937. PARSONS 2,087,296

FUEL FEEDI NG DEV I CE Filed Jan. 51, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTO RNEY Patented July 20, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FUEL FEEDING DEVICE Application January 31, 1933, Serial No. 654,394

2 Claims.

This invention relates to fuel feeding devices, and particularly fuel feeding devices for internal combustion engines.

An object of the invention is to provide a fuel feeding device by which the liquid fuel can be metered and distributed to each of the cylinders of an internal combustion engine in turn, and by which the operation of the engine can be regulatedand rendered most satisfactory for the entire range of working speed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a fuel distributing apparatus which can be advantageously connected to be actuated by. the same shaft of the engine as the ignition l5 timer thereof and which is simple in construction and easily installed and connected in operative relation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel feeding device comprising a distributor 2 sleeve which is rotatable to enable liquid fuel to be delivered to each cylinder of the engine in succession and which has a novel groove or passage in its surface; the sleeve being shiftable to alter the efiective length of said groove or passage and vary the quantity of fuel passing therethrough according to working conditions and requirements.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention are fully set forth in the ensuin description; however. I do not wish to be confined to the exact details of construction herein set forth, but reserve the right to make any changes that are embraced within the principle and scope of the invention.

On said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fuel feeding pump and distributor to be employed in a fuel feeding system according to my invention;

4.0 Fig. 2 is a section at right angles to that of Fig. 1 showing most of the construction that appears in Fig. 1; the section being on line 2-2 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section substantially on the line 5-5 ofFig. 1;

Fig. Gisaviewsimilarto Fig. lofa modificatlon;

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same modification taken at right angles to the 65 section shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of a further modification; and

Figs. 9 and 10 show other modifications.

On the drawings the same numerals identify the same parts throughout. 5 Referring first to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, I show a combined pump and distributor construction comprising a pair of heads I and 2 between which is a center or spacing plate 3. These parts have a central opening to receive a shaft 1c 5. On the upper head l is supported or mounted a suitable casing or housing 6. The spacing plate 3 has a cavity 1 to receive a pair of gears B and 9 forming the movable members of the pump. The gear 8 is aflixed to the shaft 5 and ii the gear 9 is mounted on a shaft Ill supported in bearing openings II in the heads I and 2; this gear rotating idly and receiving power from the shaft 5. As indicated in Figs. 2 and 3 the inlet I2 is provided through which the liquid fuel 2 passes into the pump. It first reaches a filter I3 in a cavity I 4 provided by aligned openings in the heads I and 2 and plate 3 and then it passes through a duct I5 to the cavity I from which it is urged by the pump gears 8 and. 9 through a similar duct I5 to another filter I3 in a similar cavity I 4, provided in the heads I and 2 and plate 3. From the filter I3 it arrives at a duct or passage I6 which conveys it to a circular groove H which is open throughout its entire 3 extent to the space I8 enclosed by the housing 6. Within this housing, however, is disposed a rotatable and axially shiftable distributor sleeve or member I9 and this sleeve has a longitudinal or axially extending groove 20 in its outside sur- 3 face which registers with the groove I'l. Adjacent the groove H are outlets 2| which are connected by suitable conduits to the various engine cylinders. Whenever the groove 20 registers with the ports leading to the outlet open- 4 ings 2|, fuel can flow from the groove II through the groove or passage 20 to the outlet leading to the cylinder which requires fuel to be in- 'jected into same.

The passages I5 may be in the plate 3 or they 4 may be partly in the heads -I and 2 and plate 3 so as to lead from the end of one filter to the end of the other through the pump comprising the gears 8 and 9.

The housing or casing 6 has a flange 22 at its 5 lower end with bolt holes therein and the housing and pump construction together are supported upon a base plate 23. In this base plate is formed the inlet passage I2 leading to the first filter I3. The bolts for securing the housing, the heads I 5 and 2 and plate 3 to the base member are indicated at 24. At the opposite end of this base member are slots 25 through which pass similar bolts securing the combined pump and distributor to a mounting or support 26 which is made fast by the same bolts to a portion of the engine framework shown at 21. The mounting 26 is hollow to receive a hollow shaft 28 having on its lower end a drive gear 29, and between the mounting 26 and shaft 28 is a bushing or jacket 30. The one end of the shaft 5 has a suitable connection with the shaft 23 so that it can be rotated thereby. The slots 25 of course permit adjustment of the pump and distributor on the mounting 26 to give timing of the injection of the fuel into the engine./

The axially extending groove or passage 20 is preferably of the same width throughout but it varies in depth from its upper to its lower end. Hence the higher the distributing sleeve is lifted, the more fuel can be delivered from the groove 20 to each outlet2i every time this groove registers with one of said outlets. When the engine is carrying a heavier load, for example, and the distributor sleeve is adjusted accordingly more fuel can be conveyed to the engine in the same angular intervalof rotation of the sleeve l9. To enable this sleeve to be shifted, I connect to the upper end thereof. a flexible shaft 3| which is enveloped in a sleeve or casing 32 and extends to a point where the necessary force can be applied to this flexible cable to move the sleeve l3 up and down. The cable 3| may be actuated by hand or connected to a centrifugal governor as in Figs. 6 and 7 or. to a suitable'unit which is actuated by the suction of the engine pistons on the intake stroke and thus cause automatic adjustment of the sleeve I9 according to load; as in Figs. 8 and 9. The upper end of the Housing or casing 6 has a screw cap 33 with a hollow boss 34 which receives one end of the sleeve 32 and the end of the flexiblecable 3| has a head 35 thereon which is disposed within the'sleeve I! at the upper end and rotatably connected thereto. This sleeve is held in place by a locking washer 3B which-engages a flange of the head and fits into a suitable recess in the sleeve. Hence the connection between the sleeve I9 and. cable 3! permits the sleeve I9 to rotate without necessarily rotating the head 35 and cable 3|, but permits longitudinal shifting of the distributor v member ID so that the desired portion of the groove or passage 23 extends between the circular groove l1 and outlets 2i.

The housing or casing 6 has two other inside grooves 31 connected by a duct 38 to the inlet filter l3. Hence any leakage of the fuel between the housing 6 and sleeve I3 at the ends of the passage 23 is returned to this filter.

The plate 3 also has a small port 33 which communicates with a cavity 40 in the lower head 2; this cavity containing a spring-pressed ball 4| which normally closes the port 39. Above the port 39 in the upper head I and communicating with this port is a duct 42 which connects one filter cavity [4 to the port 39. A similar passage 43 will connect the bottom of the other filter cavity and the bottom of the cavity 40 to the intake I2 so that whenever the pressure of the fuel becomes too great the ball valve 4| will be forced open. Hence any excess fuel is returned to the inlet port I2.

The heads or plates I and 2 also have inside grooves 44 in the openings 4 surrounding the shaft 5 and these grooves communicate through passages 45 with one of the filters [3. The grooves 44 collect leakage and return it to inlet l2. The base member 23 also has a groove 46 which communicates with a drain duct 4! to collect fuel escaping from grooves 44 when the pump is stopped. This is to keep fuel out of the crank case on which the distributor is mounted.

From the description it can be seen that the engine can be supplied with fuel in the most satisfactory manner and the fuel properly varied according to the working requirements.

Figs. 6 and 7 show a similar construction in which the pump and distributor housing 6' are supportedupon a base 23'; but the distributor member [9 has threads 48 to mesh with gear teeth on a rotatable element 49 in a bearing on the housing 6. The end of this element has an external arm 50 to turn the element and this arm 50 may be actuated by hand or by automatic means as before. The cavity 40 is again connected to the intake I2, as shown in Fig. 3, and a passage or duct 5| is arranged at the lower end of the housing 6 to communicate with the lower end of the passage l6. This duct 5| leads to a duct 52 in the upper head I which is normally closed by the ball valve I. Therefore, when the pressure becomes too high the excess fuel is re turned by way of passages 5i and 52 and cavity 40 to the fuel intake, as in Fig. 3.

This construction can be clearly understood by bearing in mind that Fig. 7 is a section through the middle of Fig. 6, seen from the right. The duct or passage 38 shown on Fig. 6 in dotted lines may be placed at any convenient point to connect grooves 31 with the filter near the intake as shown on Fig. 2.

Figs. 6 and 7 show the timer casing 53 supported on the housing 6 and having a shaft 54 that projects into the sleeve [9. This shaft 54 is caused to rotate by the sleeve ill but permits the sleeve I3 to slide with respect to same. The sleeve I9 is similarly connected to the shaft 5 which extends outward through a boss 55 on the base member 23' and has a key 56 at one end to connect it to the engine drive shaft. Shafts 5 and 54 may have squared ends to give them a sliding-key fit in a similar bore of the member [9.

The construction in Fig. 8 has an anti-friction bearing 51 at the upper end of the sleeve IQ for rotatably connecting the sleeve to a short shaft 58 so that while this shaft can rotate with re spect-to the sleeve I9 it cannot move longitudinally independently. of the sleeve. The hearing 51 is held in place by a washer 36. The top of the housing 6 is closed by a cap 33' which has in its top a recess surrounded by a radially extending flange 63. This cap has a cover 5| with a similar flange 60; the flanges enabling the cap and cover to be secured together. This cover is cone-shaped adjacent its flange 63 so as to provide therein a similar recess and a diaphragm 62 gripped between the flanges 80 is made fast to the shaft 58 by means. of central discs or washers 63. The cover has a central upward extending boss 64 into which is threaded a hollow sleeve nut 65. I This sleeve nut receives a spring 35 which bears down on the diaphragm 62. The boss 64 has a lateral projection 61 through which extends a passage 68 that can be connected by a pipe to the intake manifold. Hence when the device isin use the suction of the engine taking effect through the connection leading to the passage 68 tends to exhaust the air above the 7 10 efiect on the space [8 above the sleeve I9 and tends to draw the sleeve is upward against the force of this spring.

A catch 12 at the side of the boss 54 in Figs. 8 and 9 engages recesses in the circumference of 15 the nut 65 to hold this nut in adjusted position.

In Fig. 8 a connection 13 communicates with the duct 38 to return any fuel in this duct back to the first filter, or the inlet l2.

In Fig. 8, further, the idler which meshes with 20 the gear 8 is preferably fiat with no integral shaft III as shown in Figs. 1 and 6.

The longitudinal .slot or passage 20 may be parallel to the axis-of the sleeve I 9 or slightly inclined thereto as indicated in Fig. 10. This 25 construction is for the purpose of permitting the instant of the beginning or end of the injection of the fuel to be regulated.

Having described my invention, what I claimis:

1. A casing, fuel delivery conduits in said casing, a member mounted for rotation and reciprocation in the casing, the latter having a supply duct, the member having a longitudinally extending groove in continuous communication with said supply duct and adapted, as the member rotates, to register with each of the delivery conduits in turn, said longitudinal groove being of varying depth, and means for shifting the member to change the point at which the groove communicates with the delivery conduits and regulate the amount of fuel delivered thereto.

2. A casing, fuel delivery conduits in said casing, a member mounted for rotation and reciprocation in the casing, said member having a longitudinally extending groove, said groove being of constant width but varying delivery capacity, said fuel delivery conduits being adapted to register with the groove in said member as the latter rotates, said casing having passages for supplying fuel to said groove and means supported by the casing and engaging the member for. shifting the latter in an axial direction to change the point of communication of the groove in said member with said delivery conduits and vary the amount of fuel discharge into said conduits.

' BEN G. PARSONS.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,087,296. July 20, 1937.

BEN PARSONS.

It is hereby certified that the address of the assignee in the above numbered patent was erroneously described and specified as "Springfield, Ohio whereas said address should have been described and specified as Springfield. Massachusetts;as shown'by the records of assignments in this office; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 31st day of August, A. D. 1937.

Leslie Frazer Acting Commissioner of Patents.

10 efiect on the space [8 above the sleeve I9 and tends to draw the sleeve is upward against the force of this spring.

A catch 12 at the side of the boss 54 in Figs. 8 and 9 engages recesses in the circumference of 15 the nut 65 to hold this nut in adjusted position.

In Fig. 8 a connection 13 communicates with the duct 38 to return any fuel in this duct back to the first filter, or the inlet l2.

In Fig. 8, further, the idler which meshes with 20 the gear 8 is preferably fiat with no integral shaft III as shown in Figs. 1 and 6.

The longitudinal .slot or passage 20 may be parallel to the axis-of the sleeve I 9 or slightly inclined thereto as indicated in Fig. 10. This 25 construction is for the purpose of permitting the instant of the beginning or end of the injection of the fuel to be regulated.

Having described my invention, what I claimis:

1. A casing, fuel delivery conduits in said casing, a member mounted for rotation and reciprocation in the casing, the latter having a supply duct, the member having a longitudinally extending groove in continuous communication with said supply duct and adapted, as the member rotates, to register with each of the delivery conduits in turn, said longitudinal groove being of varying depth, and means for shifting the member to change the point at which the groove communicates with the delivery conduits and regulate the amount of fuel delivered thereto.

2. A casing, fuel delivery conduits in said casing, a member mounted for rotation and reciprocation in the casing, said member having a longitudinally extending groove, said groove being of constant width but varying delivery capacity, said fuel delivery conduits being adapted to register with the groove in said member as the latter rotates, said casing having passages for supplying fuel to said groove and means supported by the casing and engaging the member for. shifting the latter in an axial direction to change the point of communication of the groove in said member with said delivery conduits and vary the amount of fuel discharge into said conduits.

' BEN G. PARSONS.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,087,296. July 20, 1937.

BEN PARSONS.

It is hereby certified that the address of the assignee in the above numbered patent was erroneously described and specified as "Springfield, Ohio whereas said address should have been described and specified as Springfield. Massachusetts;as shown'by the records of assignments in this office; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 31st day of August, A. D. 1937.

Leslie Frazer Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

